This
East Coast chant uses an ancient
paddling song of the Takitimu
voyagers. This tukiwaka, or
takitaki-hoe-waka, is a good
example of rhythmic waka chants,
with their regular beats and
frequent repetitions. It is used
nowadays as a haka taparahi to
promote or pay tribute to
cooperative effort.
Recorded at the Investiture of Lt
Moana-Nui-a-Kiwa Ngarimu VC,
Ruatoria, 1943,
with the performers abbreviating
some words, but with great audience
interaction.
Whakaara
Ma konei ake au! Titaha ake ai, hai?
Me kore e tutaki? Hepūpū karikawa, hepūpū
harerorero, hi?
Ka tikoki! Ka tahuri!
Ka tikoki! Ka tahuri! Ka tahuri ra Nui Tireni,
I au, au au!
Warming up Let me get going
this way! Always going sideways, eh?
Maybe I'll meet you then? A big fat sea snail
a sea snail poking out his tongue, eh?
It's losing it's balance! It's going to capsize!
It's tipping over! It's capsized! - New Zealand has capsized! Yeah! Yeah!
Yeah!
Pūpū karikawa is the Toitoi or Cook's Turban
Shell, living on rocks just below the water line.
In 1970, I spent a day with Fijian villagers
gathering these, then boiling them in a kettle on
the beach and eating them.Delicious! They sold the shells for the
manufacture of shirt buttons.
Taparahi
Papā te whatitiri,
hikohiko te uira,
I kanapu ki te rangi;
i whetuki i raro ra. Rū ana te whenua, e!
E, i aha tērā e?
Ko te werohanga A Porourangi
i te Ika a Maui e takoto nei!
A ha ha!
Kia anga tiraha ra tō
puku
ki runga ra!
A ha ha!
Kia eke mai o iwi ki runga
ki To tuatua werowero ai e ha!
I aue, taukuri, e!
Ceremonial haka The thunder
crashes,
the lightning flashes,
it illuminates the heavens,
and hammers downward. The land is forever shaking, wow!
What is that, eh?
Porourangi has pierced
the Fish of Maui lying beneath us!
A ha ha!
So it is your belly,
upturned and laid bare !
A ha ha!
So that your people may mount
And spear you! A ha ha! Ee! Alas, oh dear, yes!
Porourangi was the founder of the Ngati
Porou people, and the Fish of Maui is the North
Island. Porourangi was one of the first to
cultivate the soil of the North Island.
Tena
rā,
e tama, tu ake ki runga ra
Ki te hautu i ohou waka, i a Horouta,
Takitimu,
e takoto nei!
A ha ha!
Ara! he tia, he tia, he tia,
Ara! he ranga, he ranga, he ranga,
Whakarere iho te kakau o te hoe Kō a
manini tua, i manini aro
I tangi te kura;i
tangi wiwini. I tangi te
kura; i tangi wawawa
Now
then, my son, take your stand to direct
and to urge on your canoes, Horouta,
Takitimu, drawn up here!
A ha ha!
A deep stroke, deep stroke, deep stroke!
A quick stroke, quick
stroke, quick
stroke!
Strike the handle of the paddle downwards, Dig
smoothly back, then smoothly forward.
Theautumngodwit cried; it
cried fearfully.
Themigratinggodwit cried; it
cried fiercely.
Tena ra, e tama...
At the posthumus investiture of Lt. Ngarimu VC in
1943, this was modified to Tena ra, Moananui...
Whakarere....wawawa. These last four lines are
from the karakia Taikehu
chanted after the Tainui left
Rarotonga, and they are also used in the oriori Pō!
Pō! with some modifications. The fly-away lost
kumara digging stick Maninikura of Pō Pō is here a
paddle flying down, striking the water pleasantly. And
the fearfully crying treasured baby is now a
red-breasted godwit fearfully contemplating its 10,000
km non-stop flight cross the Pacific.
Kura
1. The Takitimu people's Tahitian ancestors sailed
hundreds of kilometres to the Cook Islands to catch Kura,
red breasted lorikeets whose feathers were treasured
by them as red onamentation on the finely woven
loincloths of their kings. Because red feathers were
rare, these maro kura were small and
lightweight treasures. Big heavy treasures that
weighed down (tao) a sailing vessel were called tao-nga.
Kura 2. Chestnut-red breast feathers appear on
mature godwits, or Kuaka, in autumn when they are
about to depart on their high-speed and fearfully
long-distance breeding flight to Siberia, and these
reddish birds are also called Kura. When there was no
wind, the Society Islanders paddled large canoes long
distances between islands across the open ocean, at
high speed, just like the red-breasted Kura flying
overhead.
Kura 3. After Polynesians brought this
chant to New Zealand, where greenstone for making fine
chisels enabled the creation of elaborate carving,
carved waka became treasures, but they were taonga,
not kura.
Nowadays the meaning of kura in this haka is
transferred to metaphorical 'paddling,' or the
treasured spirit of cooperative effort that gets
people places.
wawawa is not in any dictionary I have access
to, but wawaa is a loud rumbling, which could refer to
the sound of hundreds of migrating birds taking to the
sky simultaneously.
Tērā,
te haeata takiri ana mai
I runga o mata tērā Anā
whai uru,
whai uru,
whai uru
Anā whāia
tōwhāia
tō, whāia
tō!
There,
dawn is breaking
on top of the headland back there.
Keep on chasing
the western horizon.
Keep being chased, oh sunset!
I
ararātini,
i ararātini! I arari!
So
many, so many!
That's the last one!
Mata
tērā Polynesian navigators departing
from an island took a back-bearing to the top (runga)
of the headland (mata) back there (tērā) where they
embarked, so this phrase probably started as a sailing
instruction "i runga o mata tērā" for a waka voyage
with a pre-dawn departure. A Takitimu ancestor is said
to have migrated from "Matatera" on "Iva" to Tahiti,
to Rarotonga (JPS).
But a search of the world atlas finds no such place
except a headland in New Zealand 10 km behind
Turakina. In some performances of this haka, the word
Matatera is replaced by Hikurangi.
Tō - the sunset Sailing
from Rarotonga to New Zealand in early summer, the
Takitimu would have pointed west-souwest, the
direction of the setting sun.
E kō; tēnā, tēnā! E kō; tēnā, tēnā!
E whara
wai ia kō wā! whara
wai ia kō wā!
Hei kotī, hei kotī, hei kotī!
Ko re-rere! Tō rere!
Dig; that's it! Dig;
that's it!
Strike water every digging beat
Strike water every digging beat
Make it flow, flow, flow along!
Flowing! More like flying!
E whara wai ia kō wā - Written versions give
these kupu and translations. E hara (sic)
ko te wai o taku hoe, That
was not the water from my paddle.
(1930) Ehara ko te wai o to waho,
It's not like foam from your mouth.
(1943)
Ko re-rere! Tō rere! Te rere i te waka! Written
versions give these kupu and translations. E ka rere te rere i te waka! How
the canoe flies! (1930)
Ka rere! I ka rere! Te rere i te waka, So
my canoe rushes along, swiftly, so smoothly.
(1943)
Te
rere i te waka,
E kutangitangi, e kutangitangi;
E kura tī waka tāua,
E kura tī waka tāua!
E kura wawawa wai,
E kura wawawa wai-i-i!
The
waka is in flight
We're really howling along, really zinging!
Our wakas resemble speeding
godwits
Our wakas are like ocean-crossing
godwits
Godwits
scattering across
the water Godwits
scattering across
the water
Tuku
E Kō kōmako! Kō kōmako! Ko te hau tapu e rite
ki te kai na Matariki.
Tapareireia koi tapa!
Tapa konunua koiana tukua!
I aue hi!
Winding down
The bellbird sings! The bellbird sings The
sacred wind blows gently
Like the food at New Year.
Saturated indeed is the valley!
From the deep cleft the rod is withdrawn.
Yes!
E kō kōmako - these last six lines are from the
end of Rūaumoko,
an ancient haka that uses sexual metaphor to express
the quiet bliss experienced after exerting oneselves
totally.
In this 1977 performance, the Mangatū Haka Club use
all the words printed above.